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Maria
October 2, 2021
The Church of St George (or Ротонда „Свети Георги“ – Rotonda ‘Sveti Georgi’ in Bulgarian) is a red brick rotunda that is thought to be the oldest building in Sofia. The Early Christian church stands among the ruins of Roman buildings, including public buildings with hypocaust floors and a basilica, as well as a street. Besides the excellent architectural preservation, the church is particularly well-known for the magnificent frescoes inside the central dome. In all there are five layers of frescoes, the earliest dating back to the 6th century – the latest as old as the 14th century. These frescoes were painted over during the Ottoman period when the church was converted into a mosque. Church of St George Rotunda in the courtyard of the Presidency. Initially built during the 4th century, on what is believed to have been the site of a pagan temple, the history of the church reflects the changing politics of the Balkan peninsular. Around 313 AD the Rotunda became a baptistery to handle the mass conversions to Christianity following the Edict of Milan and the legal status then afforded Christians in the Roman Empire. During the 6th century the baptistery was converted into a church, and it was then that the first frescoes were painted. Sometime in the 16th century the church was converted into a Mosque, during Ottoman rule in Bulgaria. After Ottomans the building was all but ignored until the death of Alexander of Battenberg in 1893 when it was used as his temporary mausoleum. The first restoration work started in 1915: the minaret was destroyed, the interior plaster used to cover the Medieval frescoes was removed and the paintings cleaned. Weekday services were then resumed and are still performed today. Entrance to the Bulgarian Presidency in central Sofia. Today the church and the Roman ruins are in a large courtyard that is made up by the Bulgarian Presidency, the Ministry of Education, the luxury Sofia Hotel Balkan and other offices and businesses. Despite the high-level government presence, the courtyard is open to the public and you can take photographs. Enter the courtyard either through the alley between the Presidency and the Ministry of Education, or the entrance on Saborna Street. Looking at the Rotunda through the alley next to the Presidency. Walking through the alley between the Presidency and the Ministry of Education, the arches of the more modern building frame the Early Christian church that stands at the other end of the courtyard. The red-bricked rotunda amidst Roman ruins of Serdica. A road runs around the edge of the courtyard, the church and the Roman ruins are in the centre. As you approach the ruins from the alley you will immediately see the apse of an ancient basilica. Roman ruins of public buildings with hypocaust floors next to the Church of St George, Sofia. The ruins behind the Church of St George were once part of Serdica, Roman Sofia. Here in the courtyard you can see the remains of a basilica, various public buildings – one of which had a typical hypocaust floor.
The Church of St George (or Ротонда „Свети Георги“ – Rotonda ‘Sveti Georgi’ in Bulgarian) is a red brick rotunda that is thought to be the oldest building in Sofia. The Early Christian church stands among the ruins of Roman buildings, including public buildings with hypocaust floors and a basilica,…
Aleksandra
February 28, 2020
This red brick church was built all the way back in 300s. It’s a wonder that this building has survived unscathed for such an amount of time, and all around are interesting little details that hit home the great age of the site and civilisations that have passed though. Step inside to view the detailed medieval frescoes that had been painted over by the Ottomans when the church was converted to a mosque in the 1600s. These were only rediscovered and restored in the 1990s. Outside you can see the flagstones of a Roman street and other remnants of Ancient Serdica.
This red brick church was built all the way back in 300s. It’s a wonder that this building has survived unscathed for such an amount of time, and all around are interesting little details that hit home the great age of the site and civilisations that have passed though. Step inside to view the deta…
Lubomir
February 25, 2020
The Church of Saint George is an Early Christian red brick rotunda that is considered the oldest building in Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria. It is situated behind the Sheraton Hotel, amid remains of the ancient town of Serdica.
Dimitar K.
January 26, 2020
The Church of Saint George (Bulgarian: Ротонда „Свети Георги“ Rotonda "Sveti Georgi") is an Early Christian red brick rotunda that is considered the oldest building in Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria.[1] It is situated behind the Sheraton Hotel, amid remains of the ancient town of Serdica. Built by the Romans in the 4th century, it is a cylindrical domed structure built on a square base. It is believed that it was built on the site of a pagan temple, though the original purpose of the building was for public use. The building is famous for the 12th-, 13th- and 14th-century frescoes inside the central dome. Three layers of frescoes have been discovered, the earliest dating back to the 10th century. Magnificent frescoes of 22 prophets over 2 metres tall crown the dome. Painted over during the Ottoman period, when the building was used as a mosque, these frescoes were only uncovered and restored in the 20th century. History and architecture The church is located in the courtyard between the Sheraton Hotel and the Presidency at a level a few metres below the modern streets of the capital. It is considered to be the oldest preserved building in the city, built at a time when Sofia was the residence of the emperors Galerius and Constantine the Great. The church is part of a larger archaeological complex. Behind the apse, there are ancient ruins: a section of a Roman street with preserved drainage, foundations of a large basilica, probably a public building, and some smaller buildings. One of the buildings had been equipped with hypocaust and the tiles lifting the floor can be seen today. Experts define it as one of the most beautiful buildings in the so-called "Constantine district" of Serdika-Sredets, where the palace of Emperor Constantine the Great, and later of Sebastokrator Kaloyan were situated. Having survived the trials of time and having kept its appearance almost untouched, it is assumed that some of the most important meetings of the Serdica Ecumenical Council had taken place in the church. The Rotunda is a part of a large complex of ancient buildings from the late 3rd and early 4th century. It was built of red bricks and has a complex symmetry. At the centre, there is a domed rotunda room with a circular plan on a square base with semicircular niches in the corners. Since the 4th century, it has been used for christening (baptising) ceremonies. The dome rises to 13.70 m from the floor. Through the centuries it had been used as a public, religious and even a representative building. There are five layers of partially preserved frescoes on the walls: the oldest is a Roman-Byzantine with floral motifs from the 4th century; the second in Bulgarian medieval style with angels from the 10th century; the third from the 11th and 12th centuries – a frieze with prophets and frescoes depicting the Ascension, Assumption, etc.; the fourth is from the 14th century with a donor's portrait of a bishop north of the entrance, and the fifth with Islamic ornamental motifs. Outstanding among all the murals is the one from the 10th century, created most probably during the reign of the emperors Simeon I the Great, Peter I and Samuil. The soulful human face of an angel, painted under the dome, is unique and one of the most influential examples of the high mastership of Bulgarian artistic school of the golden age of the First Bulgarian Empire. In the church, there were kept the holy relics of the patron saint of Bulgaria - John of Rila and, according to the legend, they were used to cure the Byzantine Emperor Manuel Comnenus. The relics were taken by the Hungarians in 1183, during the reign of Béla III, when allied Serbs and Magyar troops invaded, destroyed and looted the city. After a short stay in the capital Esztergom, where the Catholic bishop lost his ability to talk after an indecent act with the relics, they were returned to the recently restored Bulgarian Empire in 1187. The relics of the saint rested here again when they were solemnly carried from the then-capital Tarnovo to the Rila Monastery in 1469. At first, here was buried the Serbian king Stefan Milutin, himself beatified, whose relics were later transferred to the Church of St. King (today, the Sveta Nedelya Church). During the Ottoman rule in the 16th century, the church became a mosque. In the middle of the 19th century, the Rotunda, along with the Saint Sofia Church and the Sofia Mosque (today National Archaeological Museum) was abandoned by the Muslims. Not long later, the Bulgarians reclaimed its original purpose of a Christian church. Despite its small size, the church is similar to the rotunda Rotunda of Thessaloniki in Thessaloniki. Carrying the spirit of the early Christian era and Bulgarian medieval culture, St. George has a huge cultural impact. It is subject to extensive research and legitimate interest not only among the Orthodox and Catholic church communities and prominent science and culture figures, but it attracts many pilgrims and ordinary tourists. In exceptional occasions, the church is used as a setting for solemn military ceremonies and concerts with Orthodox and classical music.
The Church of Saint George (Bulgarian: Ротонда „Свети Георги“ Rotonda "Sveti Georgi") is an Early Christian red brick rotunda that is considered the oldest building in Sofia, the capital of Bulgaria.[1] It is situated behind the Sheraton Hotel, amid remains of the ancient town of Serdica. Built by…
Paola
June 4, 2021
This charming round red brick church dates back to the 4th century, although it did not become a church till the 6th century. It is Sofia's oldest preserved building. Services are held daily at 8.00; 17.00 and 21.00. The website has a section called 'chants' where you can listen to recordings of Old Church Slavonic chants.
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地点
2 bul. Kniaz Aleksandar Dondukov
Sofia, Sofia City Province
Sofia Center